List Of Exams

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)

About the test

Alkaline phosphatase is encountered in the liver, the bones, the intestines and the placenta. ALP value in blood accounts for the sum of its isoenzymes found in the aforementioned organs. ALP electrophoresis screens and analyzes each isoenzyme’s quantity in the different organs.

Sample

Venous blood

Preparation

Preferably 12 hours fasting prior to testing. Water is allowed.

Procedure

Venipuncture

Increased values

  • Obstruction of bile ducts
  • Bone metastases
  • Vitamin D deficiency
  • Calcium deficiency
  • Hepatitis
  • Hepatic cirrhosis
  • Pregnancy
  • Drugs (paracetamol, captopril, diltiazem, allopurinol, antibiotics, estrogens, salicylates, antiepileptics)
  • Pancreatic head cancer
  • Hepatic cancer
  • Breast cancer
  • Osteomalacia
  • Hyperparathyroidism
  • Paget’s disease

Decreased values

  • Hypothyroidism
  • Milk – alkali syndrome
  • Placental insufficiency
  • Celiac sprue
  • Cystic fibrosis
  • Hypophosphatemia
  • Malnutrition
  • Drugs (anticoagulants, contraceptives, hormone replacement treatment, propranolol, cinacalcet, fluorine, cyanides)
  • Pernicious anemia

Additional information

ALP is normally (up to three times) elevated in children and adolescents due to bone growth. Its value also rises with age, especially in women.